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Crude tall oil is a by-product of the sulfate pulping process. It is used as raw material for the tall oil rectification plant, which was put into operation in 1986.
The plant was projected by Giproleshim (Russian Project Institute) and the Swiss company Interplastica. The companies Luwa (Switzerland) and Krems Chemie (Austria) developed the process engineering. Western European companies manufactured and supplied basic processing equipment.
Four Luwa rectification columns with design capacity of 50 000 tons per annum are installed in the plant.
The following products are manufactured in the plant:Tall Oil Rosin Tall Oil Fatty Acids Distilled Tall Oil Tall Oil Pitch Crude Tall Oil Tall oil rosin
Tall oil rosin (C20 H30 O2) is a composition of rosin acids and isomers.
(GOST 14201 - 83)
Application: tall oil rosin is intended for use in pulp and paper, paint and varnish, rubber, chemical and other industries.COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF TALL OIL ROSIN
Tall oil rosin is handled in 200-liter galvanized steel drums and in stainless tank cars with electric heating. Guarantee shelf life is one year from the date of production.
Properties
Extra Grade
GOST 14201-83Product min
max
Appearance Transparent Partial crystallizing Ash , % , not more than 0,03
0,01
0,03
0,015
Colour Wg
Wg
X
WW
Mechanical agents, %, not more than 0,03
0,01
0,03
0,015
Softening point, 0 C,not less than 60
61
67
64
Acid number, mg of КОН per 1 g of product, not less than 165
172
181
175
Unsaponifiable matter %, not more than 5
2
5
3,4
Tall oil fatty acids
Tall oil fatty acid is a light -yellow oily liquid, which consists of a mixture of high-molecular unsaturated organic acids (C18 - C20) such as oleic, linoleic, linolenic acids and their isomers.
(GOST 14845 – 79)
There are also resin acids (up to 2%), unsaponifiables (up to 2 %), saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic) and their isomers in the composition as foreign matters.
Application: tall oil fatty acids are produced in the process of rectification of tall oil, they are intended for use in paint and varnish industry, polygraphic industry and as flotation reagents.COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF TALL OIL FATTY ACIDS
Tall oil fatty acids are handled into special tank cars equipped with bottom unloading. The tank cars are made of aluminum; it's alloys or stainless steel.
Properties Extra Grade Product min
max
average Colour (by Iodine Scale) 10
6
8
7
Acid Number, mg of KOH per 1 g of acids, not less than 192
193
198
196
Iodine Value, g of iodine per 100 g of acids, not less than 160
160
174
165
Rosin Acids, % , not more than 2
1
2
1,5
Unsaps, %, not more than 2
2
2
2
Water, %, not more than Absence
Guarantee shelf life is 4 months from the date of production.Distilled tall oil
Distilled tall oil is a brown oily liquid, it is transparent at 80°C.
(Specifications TU 13-00281074-26-95)
The components of distilled tall oil are fatty acids, rosin acids and unsaponifiables.
Application: distilled tall oil is used in paint and varnish industry as well as for flotation.COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF DISTILLED TALL OIL
Distilled tall oil is handled in steel tank cars provided with steam jacket.
Properties First GradeSpecs. TU13-00281074-26-95 Product min
max
average
Appearance Oily Liquid Transparent at 800C Colour, not darker than 80
20
80
50
Acid number, mg КОН per 1 g of product, not less than 170
179
191
187
Saponification number, mg КОН per 1 g of product, not less than 175
186
195
190
Rosin Acids, %, not more than 30
6
20
11
Unsaps, %, not more than 6
3
6
4
Moisture, %, not more than traces absence traces traces
Guarantee shelf life is 4 months from the date of production.Tall oil pitch.
Tall oil pitch is a nonvolatile part of tall oil separated in the process of rectification.
(Specifications: TU 13-0281078-146-90)
It is used as anion-active plastisizer and emulsifying additive either to heavy oil road asphalt or to the raw material used for road asphalt production; as well as nonsulfurous fuel.COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF TALL OIL PITCH
Tall oil is loaded into tank cars or trucks. Guarantee shelf life is during 12 months from the date of production.
Properties Norm Product min
max
average
Acid Number, mg KOH per 1 g of product, not less than 20
33
52
39
Softening Point, 0C, not less than 19
17
25
20
CRUDE TALL OIL
Crude tall oil is a viscous oily liquid with unpleasant rancid odor of brown and dark brown color.
Crude tall oil is a natural blend of resin and fatty acids, neutral and oxidized substances. Oil composition depends on wood species when cooking the sulfate pulp.
Resin acids are high-molecular unsaturated acids of cyclic structure. Main acids are abietic and pimaric ones. Fatty acids are high-molecular, mainly unsaturated carboxylic acids of linear structure with different unsaturation degree. Main acids are oleinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and their isomers. There is also a dash of saturated acids such as palmic acid, stearic acid and so on.
Unsaponifiable substances are aliphatic hydrocarbons, terpenic compounds, phenols and others.
Tall oil is insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, non-toxic.
Properties
min
max
value
Density is 940
980
kg/m3 when the temperature is 20oС
thermal capacity is 1,6
1,9
kJ/kg oК when 20-100oС
boiling point is 180
230
oС when 5 mm Hg (mercury column).
viscosity is 4,5
8,0
Pa*s
flash point 162
221
oС
gnition point is 215
230
oС
spontaneous ignition temperature (self-ignition temperature) 304
311
oС
Chemical Tall Oil and Сrude Тall Oil are grades of the produced crude tall oil.
Crude tall oil is used for tall oil rosin production (grades ChTO, СТO I class), fatty tall oil acids production, distilled tall oil production, for flotation enrichment.
The most modern equipment for processing crude tall oil in Europe enables SEGEZHA PULP and PAPER MILL to be a leader in production of high-quality tall oil rosin, fatty acids, distilled tall oil and tall oil pitch.
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